Vocabulary+Grade+8

=Vocabulary 8- Word Wise: Expanding vocabulary with Greek and Latin roots and prefixes=



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 * par-, para- (beside, alongside) **


 * 1) parable- noun- a short story that illustrates a moral or lesson
 * 2) paradigm-noun- a pattern, example, or model
 * 3) paragon- noun- a model of excellence or perfection
 * 4) paramecium-noun- a microscopic, oblong-shaped freshwater animal with hair-like threads on its outer surface that help it move
 * 5) paraphrase-verb- to reword a piece of writing to make it shorter or clearer
 * 6) parasite-noun- an animal or plant that can obtain food only by living in or on another organism; a person who lives on others and gives nothing in return
 * 7) parenthetical-adj- interjected as a qualifying information or explanation
 * 8) parody-noun-a humorous imitation of a serious literary or musical composition; a poor or weak imitation


 * path- (to feel, to suffer) **

1. antipathy- noun) a strong, fixed dislike or aversion 2. empathy- (noun) the ability to see into another’s mind and heart and so reach a full and sympathetic understanding of that person’s thoughts, feelings, or experience. 3. osteopathy- (noun) the treatment of disease by manipulation of the bones and muscles of the body 4. pathetic- (adjective) causing pity or sympathy; miserably weak or inadequate 5. pathogenic- (adjective) producing disease <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">6. pathology- (noun) the study of disease and their effects; the conditions and progress of a disease <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">7. pathos- (noun) a quality in music, literature, or other expression that creates a feeling of sadness or pity <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">8. sympathy- (noun) the capacity for sharing the feelings of others; a feeling of pity for another person’s distress or suffering.


 * per- (thoroughly, through, throughout)**

1. imperceptible (adj) almost unable to be seen or perceived 2. percolate (verb) to drain or drop through something that has small holes; filter 3. perennial (adj) continuing throughout the whole year; lasting 4. perfectionist (noun) a person who tries to do everything without ever making a mistake 5. perforate (verb) to make a hole or holes through 6. permeate (verb) to spread through 7. perpendicular (adj) vertical or upright; at right angles to a line or plane 8. pertinent ( adj) of or connected with a specific matter; relevant or to the point


 * peri- (around) week of Oct 8-12**

1. pericardium (noun) the bag made of membrane that surrounds the heart 2. perimeter (noun) the outside edge of any closed plane figure or area; the length of the boundary of such a figure or area 3. periodically (adverb) at regular intervals; from time to time 4. periodontal (adjective) of the gums or other tissues surrounding the teeth 5. periodic ( adjective) surrounding the inner ear, specifically of the bony structure forming a capsule enclosing the semicircular canal 6. peripatetic (adjective) wandering from place to place 7. peripheral (adjective) relating to, situated in or forming the outside boundary or surface of something; merely incidental 8. periscope (noun) an instrument, consisting of mirrors and a tube, that allows the viewer to see things above or otherwise out of sight


 * photo (light)**

1 photoelectric (adjective) of the electric effects produced by light or other radiation 2. photogenic (adjective) producing or generating light; appearing attractive in photographs 3. photo kinesis (noun) motion or activity in response to light 4. photolysis (noun) chemical decomposition due to the action of light 5. photometer (noun) an instrument used to measure the intensity of light 6. photon (noun) a quantum of electromagnetic energy (X-rays and gamma rays is carried by photons) 7. photosynthesis (noun) the process by which green plants use sunlight to produce food 8. phototropism (noun) movement of a part of a plant toward or away from light sources


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">pro- forth, forward, before **


 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">proclivity (noun) a natural tendency or disposition
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">procrastination (verb) to put off doing something
 * 3) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">prognosis (noun) a prediction, especially about the outcome of a disease
 * 4) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">projectile (noun) a fired, thrown, or otherwise projected object, such as a bullet or a rocket
 * 5) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">promontory (noun) a headland; a peak of high land that juts out into a body of water
 * 6) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">prophecy (noun) a prediction of the future, especially under the influence of divine guidance
 * 7) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">proscribe (verb) to condemn or forbid
 * 8) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">protrude (verb) to push or thrust outward; to jut out


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">Sym-, syn- (with, together) **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">1. ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">symmetry (noun) an exact correspondence between the opposite halves of a figure; the balance or proportion between parts of a whole
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">2. ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">sympathetic (adj) sharing the feelings of another; in agreement or favorably inclined
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">3. ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">symphony (noun) harmony; a long musical composition, usually for an entire orchestra playing together
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">4. ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">synagogue (noun) the place of worship of a Jewish congregation
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">5. ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">syndicate (noun) a combination of individuals of companies to carry out a project
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">6. ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">synergy (noun) the joint action of two things to achieve an effect of which each is incapable alone
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">7. ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">synonymous (adj) having the same meaning; expressing or suggesting the same idea
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">8. ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">synthesis (noun) the combination of parts or elements into a complex whole

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ten, tent (to hold, keep, maintain) **

 * 1) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">detention (noun) the confining or keeping back of a person, often as a form of punishment
 * 2) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">lieutenant (noun) a deputy or substitute; a middle-level commissioned officer in the navy or army
 * 3) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">sustenance (noun) a means of supporting or maintaining life, especially food; the act of supporting
 * 4) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">tenacious (adj) sticking or holding firmly; persistent, stubborn
 * 5) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">tenet (noun) a belief, principle, or doctrine
 * 6) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">tenor (noun) the general sense or meaning; the adult male signing voice between countertenor and baritone, which holds the melody
 * 7) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">tenure (noun) the holding or possession of something, such as land, a position, or a job
 * 8) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">untenable (adj) not able to be defended or maintained


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow',sans-serif;">trans- (across, beyond, over, through) **


 * 1) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">intransigent (adj) uncompromising; stubborn
 * 2) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">transcend (verb) to be or go beyond or above; to be or do better than
 * 3) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">transcontinental (adj) crossing a continent
 * 4) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">transfix (verb) to pierce through and hold fast or fix; to make unable to move
 * 5) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">transfusion (noun) the transferring of a liquid, such as blood
 * 6) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">transgress (verb) to go beyond a limit; to break a low or oath
 * 7) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">translucent (adj) allowing light to pass through imperfectly so that objects cannot be seen distinctly
 * 8) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">transparent (adj) allowing light to pass through so that objects can be seen clearly

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">vers, vert (to turn)
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">controversy (noun) a prolonged argument or difference of opinion
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">convert (verb) to change into a different form; to cause to change to another way of life or belief
 * 3) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">divert (verb) to turn or cause to turn in another direction; to turn from serious thought or activity
 * 4) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">extrovert (noun) a person interested chiefly in other people and the world around him or her rather than in his or her own thoughts and feelings
 * 5) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">inverse (adjective) being reversed in order or naturally opposite
 * 6) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">subvert (verb) to overthrow or destroy; to undermine or corrupt
 * 7) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">transverse (adjective) lying across; crosswise
 * 8) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">universal (adjective) of, by, including, or affecting all
 * 9) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">versatile (adjective) having many abilities or interests